Front Matter
 Chapter 1 Nanomaterials as Therapeutic/Imaging Agent Delivery
  Vehicles for Tumor Targeting Theranostics
  Mingqian Tan, Yanfang Wang, Xiaojie Song, and Yaqi Wu
  1.1 Introduction
  1.2 Strategies for Nanomaterials as Delivery Vehicles for Tumor Theranostics
  1.3 Targeting Effects of Nanomaterials
  1.3.1 Passive Targeting
  1.3.2 Active Targeting
  1.4 Multifunctional Theranostic Systems
  1.4.1 Medical Imaging Modalities
  1.4.2 Magnetic Nanomaterials
  1.4.3 Quantum Dots
  1.4.4 Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles
  1.4.5 SERS Gold/Silver Nanomaterials
  1.4.6 Polymeric Nanosystems
  1.4.7 Carbon Nanomaterials
  1.4.8 Lipopolyplex Nanoparticles
  1.4.9 Nano/Microbubbles
  1.4.10 Upconversion Nanomaterials
  1.4.11 Protein Nanomaterials
  1.5 Conclusions and Future Perspective
  Acknowledgments
  References
 Chapter 2 Basics of Theranostics in Tumor
  Huichao Zou, Yaohua Liu, and Shiguang Zhao
  2.1 Introduction
  2.2 Nanoplatforms
  2.3 Nanoprobes
  2.4 Nanocarriers
  2.5 Nanodiagnostics
  2.6 Safety Issues and Future Direction
  References
 Chapter 3 Magnetic Nanomaterials for Tumor Targeting Theranostics
  Leyong Zeng, Zheyu Shen, and Aiguo Wu
  3.1 Introduction
  3.2 Paramagnetic Nanomaterials for Theranostics
  3.2.1 Introduction to Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Paramagnetic Nanomaterials
  3.2.2 Synthesis of Paramagnetic Nanomaterials
  3.2.3 Paramagnetic Nanomaterials for Tumor Targeting Diagnosis
  3.2.4 Paramagnetic Nanomaterials for Tumor Targeting Theranostics
  3.2.5 Overview
  3.3 Superparamagnetic Nanomaterials for Theranostics
  3.3.1 Introduction to Superparamagnetic Nanomaterials
  3.3.2 Synthesis of Superparamagnetic Nanomaterials
  3.3.3 Superparamagnetic Nanomaterials for Bioimaging
  3.3.4 Superparamagnetic Nanomaterials for Theranostics
  3.3.5 Overview
  3.4 Outlook
  Acknowledgments
  References
 Chapter 4 Quantum Dots (QDs) for Tumor Targeting Theranostics
  Yufei Ma, He Shen, Mengxin Zhang, and Zhijun Zhang
  4.1 Introduction
  4.1.1 Fluorescence of QDs
  4.1.2 History of QDs and Their Biomedical Applications
  4.2 Synthesis, Modification and Functionalization of QDs
  4.2.1 Synthesis of QDs
  4.2.2 Surface Modification
  4.2.3 Functionalization
  4.3 QDs for Bioimaging
  4.3.1 In Vitro Imaging
  4.3.2 In Vivo Imaging
  4.3.3 Cancer Imaging
  4.4 QDs for Theranostics
  4.4.1 QDs for Gene Delivery
  4.4.2 QDs for Drug Delivery
  4.4.3 QDs for Photodynamic Therapy
  4.5 Biosafety of QDs
  4.5.1 Cellular Uptake Mechanisms of QDs
  4.5.2 Cytotoxicity of QDs
  4.5.3 In Vivo Fate and Toxicity of QDs
  4.6 Outlook
  References
 Chapter 5 Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles (MSNs) for Cancer Theranostics
  Yu Hsia, Maharajan Sivasubramanian, Nai-Tzu Chen, and Leu-Wei Lo
  5.1 Traditional Nanocarriers and Current Challenges
  5.2 Design of MSNs
  5.2.1 Why Use MSNs?
  5.2.2 Synthesis
  5.2.3 Surface Modification
  5.2.4 Cellular Uptake/Exocytosis/Biocompatibility/Biodistribution
  5.3 MSNs as a Drug Carrier
  5.3.1 Anticancer Drugs Delivery
  5.3.2 Cargo Release
  5.4 MSNs as Theranostic Agents
  5.4.1 Diagnostic Applications of MSNs
  5.4.2 Therapeutic Applications of MSNs
  5.4.3 Gene Delivery System
  5.5 Multifunctional Design of MSNs
  5.5.1 Hybrid Materials
  5.5.2 Core-shell Particles
  5.5.3 Multifunctional MSNs
  5.6 Future Perspective
  References
 Chapter 6 Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS)Nanoprobes as Cancer Theranostics
  Meikun Fan
  6.1 Introduction
  6.1.1 Raman Scattering
  6.1.2 Resonance Raman Scattering
  6.1.3 Localized Surface Plasmons and SERS
  6.2 Development of NPs Based SERS Probe
  6.2.1 SERS NPs Made of Single Pure Plasmon Supporting Metals
  6.2.2 Bimetallic SERS NPs
  6.2.3 Dielectric-metal Complex SERS NPs
  6.2.4 NPs Decorated Carbon Material as SERS Probe
  6.2.5 Other SERS Probes
  6.3 SERS Theranostics
  6.3.1 Advantages of SERS Theranostics
  6.3.2 Encoding of SERS Nanoprobes and Modification for Targeting Bio-analytes
  6.3.3 SERS Theranostics: Current State
  6.4 Limitation and Future Development
  References
 Chapter 7 Polymeric Nanosystems for Targeted Theranostics
  Yongyong Li, Huiyun Wen, Haiqing Dong, Aijun Shen,Tianbin Ren, and Donglu Shi
  7.1 Introduction
  7.2 Merits of Polymeric Nanosystem
  7.2.1 Potential Biocompatibility
  7.2.2 Easy Functionality
  7.2.3 Passive and Active Targeting
  7.3 Polymer Entities for Nanosystem Design
  7.3.1 PEG Derivatives
  7.3.2 Polypeptide
  7.3.3 Biopolymer
  7.4 Polymeric Nanosystems for Theranostics
  7.4.1 Polymeric Theranostics for MRI and Drug Delivery
  7.4.2 Polymeric Theranostics for US Imaging and Drug Delivery
  7.4.3 Polymeric Theranostics for Optical Imaging and Drug Delivery
  7.4.4 Polymeric Theranostics for Dual-imaging and Drug Delivery
  7.5 Perspectives and Concluding Remarks
  References
 Chapter 8 Carbon Nanomaterials for Tumor Targeting Theranostics
  Jo˜ao M. M. Leit˜ao, Eliana F. C. Sim˜oes, and Joaquim C. G. Esteves da Silva
  8.1 Introduction
  8.2 Tumor Theranostic Applications of Carbon Nanomaterials
  8.2.1 Tumor Theranostics Applications of Carbon Nanotubes
  8.2.2 Tumor Theranostics Applications of Graphene
  8.2.3 Tumor Theranostics Applications of Carbon Dots
  8.2.4 Tumor Theranostics Applications of Fullerene
  8.2.5 Tumor Theranostics Applications of Nanodiamonds
  8.3 Future Perspectives
  Acknowledgments
  References
 Chapter 9 Lipopolyplex Nanoparticles for Tumor Targeting Theranostics
  Fengying Dai and Xin Zhang
  9.1 Introduction
  9.2 Nonviral Gene Vectors
  9.2.1 Cationic Liposomes
  9.2.2 Cationic Polymers
  9.2.3 In Vivo Barriers to Cationic Nonviral Gene Delivery
  9.3 Tumor Targeting Nonviral Gene Therapeutic
  9.3.1 Inactive Target
  9.3.2 Specific Target Gene Delivery
  9.3.3 Stimuli-sensitive Gene Delivery
  9.4 Agents Combined Imaging and Gene Delivery
  9.4.1 Optical Imaging
  9.4.2 Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
  9.4.3 Positron Emission Tomography (PET)
  9.5 Summary
  References
 Chapter 10 Microbubbles for Tumor Targeting
  Theranostics
  Daming Yong, Xuejing Wang, Lei Wang, and Xiaojun Han
  10.1 Introduction
  10.2 The Preparation of Microbubbles
  10.2.1 Shell Materials
  10.2.2 Microbubble Fabrication
  10.2.3 Methods of Loading the Therapeutic Agent
  10.3 Application of Microbubbles for Tumor Targeting Theranostics
  10.3.1 Microbubble-based Molecular Ultrasound Imaging of Tumor
  10.3.2 Microbubbles for Drug Delivery
  10.3.3 Microbubbles for Gene Delivery
  10.4 Future Aspects
  References
 Chapter 11 Upconversion Nanomaterials for Tumor Targeting Theranostics
  Wei Wang
  11.1 Introduction
  11.2 Upconversion Nanomaterials for Tumor Imaging
  11.2.1 Upconversion Fluorescent Imaging
  11.2.2 Fluorescent-MRI/CT/PET Multi-model Imaging
  11.3 Tumor Photodynamic Therapy
  11.3.1 Mechanism of Photodynamic Therapy
  11.3.2 Applications of Upconverting Nanoparticles in Photodynamic Therapy
  11.4 Drug/Gene Delivery
  11.5 Dye Sensitized Efficiency of UC
  11.6 Conclusions
  References
 Chapter 12 Functional Dendrimers as Nanoscale Theranostic Vehicles for Cancer Treatment
  Kui Luo and Zhongwei Gu
  12.1 Introduction
  12.2 Dendrimers for Cancer Diagnosis and Therapy
  12.3 Functional Dendrimers as Theranostic Nanoscale Vehicles for Cancer Treatment
  12.3.1 Dendrimer Based Photodynamic Therapy
  12.3.2 Dendrimer/Magnetic Nanoparticle Hybrid Nanoparticles
  12.3.3 Gadolinium(III)-labeled Dendrimers Based Drug Delivery Vehicles
  12.4 Functional Dendrimers Labeled with Optical Probes as Drug Delivery Vehicles
  12.5 Conclusions
  References
 Chapter 13 Protein-based Nanoparticles for Tumor Targeting Theranostics
  Yang Liu, Hao Wu, and Huihui Wang
  13.1 Introduction
  13.2 Albumin Nanoparticles for Tumor Targeting Theranostics
  13.2.1 Albumin Nanoparticles
  13.2.2 Preparation Techniques for Albumin Nanoparticles
  13.2.3 Albumin Nanoparticles for Anti-tumor Drug Targeted Delivery
  13.2.4 Albumin Nanoparticles for Targeted Tumor Imaging
  13.2.5 Albumin Nanoparticles for Photodynamic Therapy
  13.3 Outlook
  Acknowledgments
  References
 Chapter 14 Conclusions and Future Perspectives
  Shanmin Gao and Narayan S. Hosmane
  14.1 Topical Background and Conclusions
  14.1.1 Magnetic Nanomaterials
  14.1.2 Semiconductor Quantum Dots (QDs)
  14.1.3 Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles (MSNs)
  14.1.4 Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS)
  14.1.5 Polymeric Nanostructures
  14.1.6 Carbon Nanomaterials
  14.1.7 Lipoplexes and Polyplexes Nanoparticles
  14.1.8 Nano/Microbubbles Technology
  14.1.9 Upconversion Nanomaterials
  14.1.10 Functional Polymeric Dendrimers
  14.1.11 Protein-based Nanoparticles
  14.2 Future Perspectives of Theranostics
 Abbreviation Index
 Color Figures